Hi Weizi, I know this is rather after the event, but should you do the experiment again, it is probably much easier to get surface sensitivity in this sort of system using conversion electron yield e.g. Schroeder et al Surface Science Volume 324, Issues 2-3, 10 February 1995, Pages L371-L377. That should suffer no over-absortpion issues and bulk fluorescence on a film of this thickness will have only a small amount of over absorption at 45 degrees Regards Fred J.F.W. Mosselmans Principal Beamline Scientist I18 Diamond Light Source Ltd Diamond House Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0DE P + 44 1235 778568 M + 44 7785510211 E fred.mosselmans@diamond.ac.uk orcid.org/0000-0001-6473-2743 [cid:image002.png@01D27563.28EDA240] -- This e-mail and any attachments may contain confidential, copyright and or privileged material, and are for the use of the intended addressee only. If you are not the intended addressee or an authorised recipient of the addressee please notify us of receipt by returning the e-mail and do not use, copy, retain, distribute or disclose the information in or attached to the e-mail. Any opinions expressed within this e-mail are those of the individual and not necessarily of Diamond Light Source Ltd. Diamond Light Source Ltd. cannot guarantee that this e-mail or any attachments are free from viruses and we cannot accept liability for any damage which you may sustain as a result of software viruses which may be transmitted in or with the message. Diamond Light Source Limited (company no. 4375679). Registered in England and Wales with its registered office at Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom