Hi everyone, Thank you Dr. Lukens for your help! Let me see if I understand the method that was described for the F-value for the variances using the Fernandez-Garcia definition (that was previously mentioned), and please correct me if I am mistaken. The Principal Component Analysis returns the eigenvectors. Then, to calculate the F-value using the Fernandez-Garcia definition: F-value for component 1 = (variance of eigenvector 1)/ summation[(variance eigenvector 2) + (variance eigenvector 3) + . (variance eigenvector c)] F-value for component 2 = (variance of eigenvector 2)/ summation[(variance eigenvector 3) + (variance eigenvector 4) + . (variance eigenvector c)] F-value for component k = (variance of eigenvector k)/ summation[(variance of eigenvector k+1) + . + (variance of eigenvector c)] Where c is the number of components in the set. Then to calculate the probability of F corresponds to noise, then the that Excel can calculate this using the function Fdist(alpha, degree of freedom 1, degree of freedom 2). Alpha = the confidence interval desired (where 0.05 is generally used) degrees of freedom 1 = # of independent data points - 1 ((this is dependent on the resolution of the beam and Dr. Lukens provided an example calc.)) degree of freedom 2 = number of components on the denominator for the F-value being tested - 1 (i.e. for component k it would equal c-k-1-1 or c-k-2) Then, "if the probability of F less than 5%, these would be the components that you would retain." Are these equations correct? Am I using the correct equation based on the Garcia-Fernandez definition? My main misunderstanding of this was what equation to use for the F-value. Sorry for killing a dead horse, but is this definition of degree of freedom 2 correct? Thanks again for all the help and sorry if this is poorly worded, and if this is on the outer-bounds for an IFEFFIT-relevant question. Andrew