The peak position for LTS-213 is approximately 4970 eV, which agrees well with that for rutile TiO2 with a valence of titanium species in the 4+ oxidation state.
In addition, TiS2, in which titanium is also in the 4+ oxidation state, shows pre-edge peaks at 4968–4971 eV. (21) Considering the titanium oxidation state in the raw materials, the stability of the titanium species, and the XANES results, the oxidation state of the titanium species in LTS-213 is likely to be 4+.
The second conclusion is even more unclear.
Would you help me see if I am missing something in my understanding of oxidation states using XANES?